Instrumentation - Pressure Measurement - Temperature Measurement - Flow Measurement - Level Measurement - Temperature Sensors - Immersion Temperature

Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface area. Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of pressure and vacuum.

Temperature Measurement

Temperature measurement (also known as thermometry) describes the process of measuring a current local temperature for immediate or later evaluation. Datasets consisting of repeated standardized measurements can be used to assess temperature trends.

Flow Measurement

Flow measurement is the quantification of bulk fluid movement. Flow can be measured in a variety of ways. 
Flow measurement methods other than positive-displacement flowmeters rely on forces produced by the flowing stream as it overcomes a known constriction, to indirectly calculate flow. Flow may be measured by measuring the velocity of fluid over a known area. For very large flows, tracer methods may be used to deduce the flow rate from the change in concentration of a dye or radioisotope.